Unexplained loss of muscle mass, also known as cachexia, can be concerning when it happens for no clear reason. There are a few potential causes that may lead to unintentional muscle wasting.
First, it's important to rule out medical conditions that can cause muscle loss. Chronic inflammatory diseases like cancer, HIV/AIDS, congestive heart failure, COPD, and kidney disease are common culprits. The inflammation caused by these diseases leads to increased protein breakdown and decreased protein synthesis in the body.
Other hormonal disorders like hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, and low testosterone can also result in muscle wasting over time. An overactive thyroid, high cortisol levels, and low testosterone promote catabolism (muscle breakdown) over anabolism (muscle building). Getting hormone levels tested can help diagnose these issues.
Next, inadequate nutrition can be a factor. Not consuming enough calories, protein, and nutrients to support muscle mass maintenance can cause the body to break down muscle tissue for energy. Seniors are at risk if they're not eating properly.
Medications may also play a role. Drugs like corticosteroids are known to have side effects that include muscle wasting.
In some cases, no specific cause is found even after thorough medical evaluation. This is referred to as cachexia of unknown origin. It's important to continue following up with a doctor to look for potential underlying health problems in these situations.
Regardless of the cause, there are steps that can help minimize and even reverse muscle loss:
- Eat a high-protein diet with 1-1.5g of protein per kg of bodyweight. Choose lean meats, dairy, eggs, beans, nuts, and protein supplements.
- Strength training exercise helps build muscle. Lift weights 2-3x per week allowing for rest and recovery between sessions.
- Address any underlying illnesses or hormone imbalances. Follow doctor's treatment plans.
- Try supplements like creatine monohydrate and HMB which can support muscle growth. Consult a doctor before using.
- Manage stress levels which causes excess cortisol production. Try yoga, meditation, therapy.
- Get enough sleep as sleep deprivation leads to high cortisol and muscle breakdown. Aim for 7-9 hours nightly.
Unexplained loss of muscle can be discouraging but is often reversible with proper nutrition, exercise, hormone balance, and treatment of underlying conditions when present. Speak with your doctor if you notice progressive muscle wasting without a clear cause. They can check for any underlying illness and refer you to a dietitian or physical therapist for an individualized treatment plan. Regaining your strength is possible!
And for those in the New York area, Hormone Harmony Clinic specializes in diagnosing and treating hormone imbalances that can contribute to muscle loss. Their certified medical team provides customized care including hormone replacement therapy, nutrition planning, and strength training recommendations. Visit them at Hormone Harmony Clinic.