Postmenopause is the stage of life that begins one year after a woman's last menstrual period. It signals the end of a woman's reproductive years and marks the start of permanent infertility. While some women may feel relieved to be past their childbearing years, postmenopause brings its own set of changes and health considerations.
During perimenopause, the transition period leading up to menopause, hormone levels fluctuate but periods may still occur. However, after one year without a period, a woman is considered to be in postmenopause. At this point, ovarian function has ceased - the ovaries no longer produce eggs and estrogen and progesterone levels are low.
Some key changes associated with postmenopause include:
- Hot flashes - Sudden feelings of warmth in the face, neck and chest are common. These vasomotor symptoms are caused by changing estrogen levels.
- Vaginal dryness - Lower estrogen levels can cause the vaginal tissue to become thinner and more fragile. This can lead to discomfort, pain and increased infections.
- Osteoporosis risk - With less estrogen, bone loss occurs more rapidly raising the risk of fracture. Weight bearing exercise and calcium are important.
- Heart disease risk - Lower estrogen is associated with unfavorable cholesterol changes. Lifestyle factors like diet, exercise and stress management become even more important.
- Emotional changes - Shifting hormones can contribute to anxiety, depression and sleep problems in some women.
The good news? There are many ways to ease the transition:
- Hormone therapy - Low dose estrogen/progestin preparations can relieve hot flashes and vaginal dryness. Discuss the pros/cons with your doctor. *At Hormone Harmony Clinic, we specialize in customized hormone therapy for postmenopausal women.*
- Healthy lifestyle choices - Eating well, staying active, limiting alcohol and not smoking can help minimize symptoms and reduce disease risks.
- Vaginal moisturizers/lubricants - These can improve comfort from vaginal dryness during intercourse.
- Mind-body practices - Things like yoga, meditation and cognitive behavioral therapy can help manage stress and emotional changes.
- Support - Talking to other women and joining a menopause support group can help you feel less alone.
The onset of postmenopause is a major landmark signaling the end of fertility and reproductive years. While challenging at times, this new phase of life can also be an opportunity to focus on your health and embrace the positives. With a few lifestyle adjustments, many women are able to manage symptoms and thrive during their postmenopausal years. *At Hormone Harmony Clinic, our caring team of professionals are here to help you transition smoothly.*