Mood disorders, also known as affective disorders, are a category of mental health problems that can significantly impact a person's everyday life. The main types of mood disorders are depression, bipolar disorder, and seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
Depression is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, or irritability, along with physical and cognitive changes like fatigue, sleep issues, and trouble concentrating. There are several forms of depression, including major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, and postpartum depression. Depression can range from mild to severe. At its worst, depression can lead to suicide. Fortunately, depression is treatable with psychotherapy, medication, or often a combination of both.
Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression, causes dramatic shifts in mood and energy levels. People with bipolar disorder alternate between depressive episodes and manic or hypomanic episodes. The manic states are characterized by elevated self-esteem, increased energy, reduced need for sleep, racing thoughts, and sometimes reckless behavior. Medications like mood stabilizers and psychotherapy can help manage bipolar disorder.
SAD is a type of depression that follows a seasonal pattern, typically occurring in the fall and winter months when daylight decreases. It's thought to be related to disruptions in circadian rhythms. Light therapy, which involves daily exposure to bright artificial light, can lift mood in people with SAD.
What causes mood disorders? Research suggests mood disorders arise from complex interactions between genetics, brain chemistry, hormones, and environmental factors. Traumatic life events and chronic stress may also contribute. Imbalances in brain chemicals like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine play a key role.
If you think you may have a mood disorder, reach out to a mental health professional. With compassionate care and evidence-based treatment, most people can find relief. Don't give up hope! At Hormone Harmony Clinic, we specialize in diagnosing and treating hormonal imbalances that can exacerbate or even trigger mood disorders. Our integrative approach combines bioidentical hormone therapy with nutrition, supplements, and lifestyle changes for optimal mental health. Contact us today to learn more or schedule a consultation!